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Multi-region Disaster Recovery Design

Executive Summary

To eliminate the risk of single-region failure, I architected and implemented a fully distributed disaster recovery strategy spanning multiple regions. The resulting system delivered seamless failover, low-latency synchronisation, and rapid service restoration — reducing recovery time from hours to under five minutes.

Situation

The platform was initially confined to a single-region deployment, creating a clear operational risk in the event of regional disruption. While availability zones provided local fault tolerance, they offered no protection against full-region failure — a growing concern following high-profile outages.

Challenge

Designing for regional redundancy required balancing performance, consistency, replication latency, DNS failover, and cost. The solution had to deliver measurable resilience gains without excessive complexity or budgetary impact — and operate transparently during failure scenarios.

Actions Taken

- Assessed risk exposure across all critical services and data flows.
- Designed a regionally distributed active-passive architecture with synchronous replication for key workloads.
- Automated failover orchestration using DNS health checks, routing policies, and control-plane observability.
- Built real-time replication pipelines for both structured and unstructured data across regions.
- Embedded failover testing into CI/CD pipelines with scheduled simulation drills.
- Authored operational playbooks and trained engineering teams on incident execution paths.
- Validated recovery time and recovery point objectives through controlled failover trials.

Results

The platform now sustains region-level failure with no customer-visible downtime. Controlled failover completes in under four minutes, with data loss tolerance below 60 seconds. The system is positioned for future global scaling, and resilience standards have been embedded into engineering culture and pipeline validation.

Reflections

True disaster recovery isn’t just about having a plan — it’s about designing for failure from day one. Resilience is earned through rehearsal, observability, and engineered simplicity — not merely technology replication.

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